More rarely it opens on both surfaces, and then communicates with the posterior ethmoidal cells and the sphenoidal sinus.
2.
Transsphenoidal surgery ( removal of the tumor by an operation through the nose and the sphenoidal sinuses ) may, apart from addressing symptoms related to the tumor, also improve pituitary function, although the gland is sometimes damaged further as a result of the surgery.
3.
It enters the nasal cavity through the sphenopalatine foramen, passes across the roof of the nasal cavity below the orifice of the sphenoidal sinus to reach the septum, and then runs obliquely downward and forward between the periosteum and mucous membrane of the lower part of the septum.
4.
In addition, Ratiu et al . noted that the hole in the base of the cranium ( created as the tamping iron passed through the sphenoidal sinus into the brain ) has a diameter about half that of the iron itself; combining this with the hairline fracture beginning behind the exit region and running down the front of the skull, they concluded that the skull " hinged " open as the iron entered from below, then was pulled closed by the resilience of soft tissues once the iron had exited through the top of the head.
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